Joseph Jesse Chase and Martha (Wakute-Wapaha) Chase, who were married on June 11, 1872. Used with the permission of Cheyanne St. John.

Florence Helen Chase, Ernest Wabasha’s mother, with her sister Emma Chase Frazier, undated. Used with the permission of Cheyanne St. John.

Natalie Graham, Ernest Wabasha’s paternal grandmother, undated. Used with the permission of Cheyanne St. John.

Ernest Wabasha of Lower Sioux Indian Community, recognized hereditary chief of the Mdewakanton band of Dakota, in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, ca. 1999–2001. Photograph by David’s Photography, Redwood Falls. Used with the permission of Cheyanne St. John.

A white cedar tree sacred to the Ojibwe and known as manito gizhigans (spirit little cedar tree) on Grand Portage Bay, ca. 1965.

Assistant Secretary of the Interior Dale Doty, Mrs. Dale Doty, Ed Wilson, R. F. Lee, and Mike Flatte (seated) at Grand Portage’s national historic site dedication. Photograph by Abbie Rowe, August 9, 1951.

Members of the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa during the reconstruction of the stockade at Grand Portage. The men worked on behalf of the Indian Civilian Conservation Corps. Photograph by Willoughby M. Babcock, September 7, 1937.

Group of Ojibwe in front of a wigwam at Grand Portage. Photograph by George A. Newton, ca. 1905.

Group of Ojibwe, including Mike Flatte, at Grand Portage, ca. 1885.