Governor Floyd B. Olson speaking at the dedication of the Columbus Memorial at the Minnesota State Capitol, October 12, 1931.

Crowd at the unveiling ceremony of the Christopher Columbus Memorial on the grounds of the Minnesota State Capitol, October 12, 1931.

The speakers’ podium on the steps of the Minnesota Historical Society during the ceremony dedicating a Christopher Columbus Memorial on the grounds of the State Capitol, October 12, 1931.

Christopher Columbus Memorial dedication ceremony on the grounds of the Minnesota State Capitol, October 12, 1931.

Delegates arrive at St. Paul's Union Depot on October 12, 1931, to attend the unveiling of the Columbus Memorial on the grounds of the Minnesota State Capitol.

Groundbreaking ceremony for the Columbus Memorial on the grounds of the Minnesota State Capitol, July 1931.

The plinth of the Columbus Memorial under construction at Charles Brioschi’s studio, 1930. Brioschi is second from right and architect Clarence H. Johnston is second from left.

The Christopher Columbus Memorial in St. Paul, on the grounds of the State Capitol. Photograph by Peter DeCarlo, 2019. On June 10, 2020, a group of protesters tore down the statue; its plinth remained intact.

Tosten E. Bonde and family in Nerstsrand, Minnesota, ca. 1881. The photograph was taken shortly before three Bonde sons (Edward, fourteen; Ingebrit, six; and Albert, one) succumbed to black measles in late March and early April 1882. Used with the permission of the Norwegian-American Historical Association.