Cover of America First magazine

Cover of America First magazine

Cover of America First 1, no. 2 (May 1919).

Cover of America First magazine

Cover of America First magazine

Cover of America First 1, no. 1 (April 1919).

America First Association poster

America First Association poster

America First Association poster designed by Howard Chandler Christy ca. 1920.

America First Association

The expression “America First” has been used by numerous American organizations and movements since at least 1914. Most of them opposed US involvement in foreign conflicts. The Minnesota-based America First Association (AFA) was an exception in that it was formed to support the United States’ entry into World War I.

Ilhan Omar

Ilhan Omar

Minnesota State Representative Ilhan Omar, 2017. Omar was elected to the US House of Representative in 2018. Photograph by Wikimedia user Leopaltik1242; CC BY-SA 4.0.

Morgan’s Mexican & Lebanese Foods

Morgan’s Mexican & Lebanese Foods

Morgan’s Mexican & Lebanese Foods at 736 Robert Street, St. Paul, November 1980.

Vietnamese Immigration Organization button

Vietnamese Immigration Organization button

Circular pin-back button produced by the Minnesota Vietnamese Immigration Organization, ca. 1980s.

Class for Hmong refugees

Class for Hmong refugees

Teacher instructing Hmong students in American presidential history at Lao Family Community Center, Young Men’s Christian Association, St. Paul, ca. 1980s.

English class for Southeast Asian refugees

English class for Southeast Asian refugees

Otto Werner, a member of the New Ulm National Guard, teaches English to Southeast Asian refugees, ca. 1974.

United States certificate of naturalization

United States certificate of naturalization

Certificate of naturalization issued by the US Department of Justice to Swedish immigrant Swan Victor Anderson of Duluth, 1950.

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