Indian Reorganization Act in Minnesota

In 1934, the US Bureau of Indian Affairs set up a new organizational model to transform Native American tribal governments. The articulation of that model, the Indian Reorganization Act, influenced the governance systems of Native people, including Minnesota’s Ojibwe and Dakota. They now work to customize the government forms imposed upon them.

This Day in Minnesota History

October 10, 2016

Governor Mark Dayton issues a proclamation declaring this date to be the first state-wide Indigenous Peoples' Day, celebrated in place of Columbus Day. Grand Rapids, Minneapolis, and Minnesota State University, Mankato, had adopted the holiday in 2014.

Maggie Sengoge and Porky White making maple sugar

Maggie Sengoge and Porky White tapping a tree for maple sap

Maggie Sengoge and Porky White drill into a tree in order to collect maple sap as part of the Heart of the Earth Survival School. Photograph by Randy Croce, 1984.

Maddy Moose making maple sugar at the Heart of the Earth Survival School

Maddy Moose making maple sugar at the Heart of the Earth Survival School

Maddy Moose making maple sugar at the Heart of the Earth Survival School (of Minneapolis) sugar bush camp, Maple Plain. Photograph by Randy Croce, 1984.

Maple trees in maple sugar camp

Maple trees in maple sugar camp

Maple trees in a maple sugar camp. Photograph by Randy Croce, 1984.

Maple sugar candy

Maple sugar candy

Maple sugar candy molded into the shape of a maple leaf. From the Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe, 1960–1985.

Maple sap icicle, Mille Lacs

Maple sap icicle

Icicle made out of sap on a tree being tapped for sugar. Photograph by Moroe P. Killy, April 19, 1947.

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe, April 19, 1946. Photograph by Monroe P. Killy.

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe, April 19, 1946. Photograph by Monroe P. Killy.

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe

Making maple sugar on the Mille Lacs Reservation of Ojibwe, April 19, 1946. Photograph by Monroe P. Killy.

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