Corpus Christi procession at Holy Cross Church, Minneapolis, June 2003. Photograph by Kasia Polanska. Used with the permission of Kasia Polanska.

Polish Catholic Church in Delano, Minnesota, ca. 1940.

Valley Grove Church, built in 1862 in Wheeling Township; photographed in 2019. Used with the permission of Rice County Historical Society.

Valley Grove (West) Church, Wheeling Township, 2019. Used with the permission fo Rice County Historical Society.

Valley Grove Church, Wheeling Township, ca. 1910. Used with the permission of the Norwegian-American Historical Association.

The congregation of Valley Grove Church (West) gathers outside its newly built church in Wheeling Township, 1894. Used with the permission of the Norwegian-American Historical Association.

Confirmation at Valley Grove Church, Wheeling Township, 1888. Rev. N. A. Quammen is seated in the first row, fourth from left. Used with the permission of the Norwegian-American Historical Association.

The two Valley Grove churches (built in 1862 and 1894, respectively), Nerstrand (Wheeling Township), Minnesota, 2019. Used with the permission of Rice County Historical Society.

Swedish Evangelical Lutheran (Our Savior’s Lutheran Church), Ham Lake. Photograph by Bill Magnuson, 2005.