Civilian Conservation Corps-Indian Division (CCC-ID) workers from the Nett Lake Reservation (one of the reservations of the Bois Forte Band of Chippewa), July 30, 1941.
Between 1933 and 1943, Native Americans worked on their lands as part of the Civilian Conservation Corps-Indian Division, run by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). More than 2,000 Native families in Minnesota benefited from the wages as participants developed work skills and communities gained infrastructure like roads and wells.
Lawrence Vizenor in his military uniform, ca. 1918. Printed in Daniel Nelson’s Becker County, Minnesota, in the World War, 1917-1918-1919 (Detroit Lakes, MN: Nelson, [1920?]).
Lawrence Alexious Vizenor (White Earth Ojibwe) left his home in Becker County, Minnesota, to enlist in the army and fight in World War I in 1918. Before mustering out the following year, he earned military honors and a promotion to corporal.