Tennessee Street during flood, 1952.

Aerial view of West Side during flood, 1952.

Students at Casa Coronado Restaurant, 154 E. Fairfield, 1947.

Three-story outhouse on State Street (St. Paul), c.1940.

Lafayette School, corner of Kentucky and Fenton, the only public school in the Flats, c.1921.

Shack and outhouse, river’s edge, 1917. Image from Aronovici, Carol. Housing Conditions in the City of Saint Paul. St. Paul: Amherst H. Wilder Charity, 1917, 24.

Lafayette School, 1917. Image from Aronovici, Carol. Housing Conditions in the City of Saint Paul. St. Paul: Amherst H. Wilder Charity, 1917, 80

Minnesota Macaroni factory, 114 West Fairfield c.1917. Image from Aronovici, Carol. Housing Conditions in the City of Saint Paul. St. Paul: Amherst H. Wilder Charity, 1917, 46.

1916 plat map of that portion of the Flats not included in the previous map. Historian Lorraine Esterly Pierce calls the area east of the Robert Street Bridge the Lower East Side. Plat Book of Saint Paul Minn. and Suburbs. Philadelphia: G.M. Hopkins & Co., 1916.

1916 plat map of the Flats, except the northeast portion. The main north-south streets were, left to right, Wabasha, Robert, and State. Plat Book of Saint Paul Minn. and Suburbs. Philadelphia: G.M. Hopkins & Co., 1916.