Joseph Réaume's Trading Post

Wadena County contains three known fur trade sites. One is located on private property along the Leaf River where Joseph Réaume, an independent fur trader, set up a winter camp in the late eighteenth century. Between 2011 and 2012, the University of Minnesota conducted archaeological surveys and excavations at this location. They confirmed a late-eighteenth century occupation, validating its association with Réaume's 1792 wintering activities.

Journeymen Barbers in Minnesota

Journeymen barbers were skilled craftsmen whose labor organizations helped shape the barbers’ trade in Minnesota. Politically active from their first arrival, they allied themselves with third-party movements after World War I. Shopping mall barbershops, consumer choices, and lost union membership led to organizational decline in the 1970s.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 1922

A nationwide walkout by railroad shop craft and other employees includes 8,000 workers in the Twin Cities. The strike ends in defeat for the workers, with scab labor permanently replacing many of them, but the new Farmer-Labor Party's assistance during the strike encourages the workers' support of the party in later elections, making the Farmer-Labor Party, rather than the Democratic Party, the principal opposition party in Minnesota.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 1931

The Interstate Bridge in Stillwater opens, replacing a wooden one built in 1876.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 1974

The Raptor Center at the University of Minnesota opens. The facility treats injured birds of prey and helps to rehabilitate them for release into the wild.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 2005

Some state government agencies and departments are shut down because of an impasse between Governor Tim Pawlenty (R) and the DFL-controlled senate. Almost 8,900 state employees are furloughed for nine days until a compromise is reached.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 2010

St. Paul resident and Hmong refugee Cheu Lee publishes the first issue of Hmong Pages, a newspaper created by, for, and about Hmong people.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 1, 2011

A shutdown of the state government begins and lasts twenty days. During the shutdown all non-critical state services are closed and an estimated 19,000 employees are laid off.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 10, 1823

Major Joseph Delafield and his party arrive at Grand Portage to run the first survey of the international boundary in the region.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 10, 1930

Golf great Bobby Jones plays a round at the Interlachen Country Club in Edina on the first day of the US Open Championship. At the end of the two-day tournament, he wins the title for the fourth time.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 11, 1999

Duluth state representative Willard Munger dies. He had served over forty years in the Minnesota House and was known as an advocate for environmental protection.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 12, 1829

Lieutenant Colonel Zachary Taylor ends his command at Fort Snelling, which had begun May 24, 1828. He would later lead the U.S. Army in the war against Mexico, and "Old Rough and Ready" would take that fame to the White House. Taylor is the only U.S. president to have spent a significant amount of time in Minnesota.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 12, 1869

Norwegian newspaperman Paul Hjelm-Hansen leaves Alexandria to travel to the Red River by oxcart. Hjelm-Hansen had been hired by the State Board of Immigration to publicize the advantages of moving to western Minnesota. His letters, published in a number of Norwegian newspapers, encourage many emigrants to move there.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1787

Congress passes the Northwest Ordinance. Authored by Thomas Jefferson, it set up the rules of government for the Northwest Territory of the United States, which included present-day Minnesota east of the Mississippi River. Slavery was outlawed, the land was to be surveyed into townships, and each township was to set aside land for a school. In addition, the ordinance stated that "the utmost good faith shall always be observed toward the Indians, their land and property."

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1832

Ozaawindib (Yellow Head), an Ojibwe leader and agokwa, shows Henry Rowe Schoolcraft that Lake Itasca is the source of the Mississippi River. Schoolcraft would name the lake from the Latin words veritas caput (truth head), using the last syllable of veritas and the first of caput. The Ojibwe name for the lake is Omushkos (Elk Lake).

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1862

The Third Minnesota Infantry Regiment suffers one of the great embarrassments of the Civil War when it surrenders to a smaller Confederate force led by Nathan Bedford Forrest, who convinced the Minnesotans that his force was much larger than theirs. The men would be paroled and eventually return to action, fighting well under new officers.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1881

Faribault begins requiring dog licenses.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1890

The steamer Sea Wing, carrying a large party and towing a barge, capsizes in a sudden storm on Lake Pepin. Twenty-five individuals manage to clamber back on the boat, but, a few hours later, the boat turns turtle again, throwing the survivors back in the water. By the time the boat and the barge are driven ashore, ninety-eight individuals had drowned. Surprisingly, no one on the barge was hurt.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 13, 1977

The city of Kinney, St. Louis County, secedes from the United States. The city council, frustrated by unsuccessful attempts to obtain a grant from the federal government for a water project, decides to secede and apply for foreign aid because "there is less paperwork." Passports are issued by sympathizers in New Haven, Connecticut. Although the United States did not recognize Kinney as a foreign country, Duluth's frozen food king Jeno Paulucci did, giving Kinney a used Ford to replace the city police car (which no longer ran) and ten cases of frozen pizza for good measure.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 14, 1864

Four Minnesota regiments finally defeat their old nemesis, Nathan Bedford Forrest, in battle at Tupelo, Mississippi. The Seventh Minnesota Regiment plays the largest role and loses sixty-two men. Colonel Alexander Wilkin of the Ninth Minnesota Regiment is killed, making him Minnesota's highest-ranking casualty in the Civil War.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 14, 1901

A special act of the state legislature releases Jim and Cole Younger from the Minnesota State Prison at Stillwater. They had been incarcerated for the murder of an employee during the Northfield Bank Raid. Jim would commit suicide in St. Paul, but Cole would tour on a Wild West show with Frank James, lecturing on "What My Life Has Taught Me." He died in 1915, his body still holding seven bullets.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 14, 1924

Lawrence S. Donaldson, founder of the first department store in the "Northwest," dies in Minneapolis.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 14, 1948

Hubert H. Humphrey gives a rousing speech on the subject of civil rights for African Americans at the Democratic National Convention in Philadelphia. Humphrey opposed an effort by Harry S. Truman's supporters to put a weak civil rights plank in the Democratic platform in order to carry the southern states.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 14, 1991

The Minnesota Twins retire number 6, formerly worn by slugger Tony Oliva, who was 1964 American League Rookie of the Year and three-time American League batting champion.

This Day in Minnesota History

July 15, 1856

The celebrated Norwegian violinist Ole Bull performs in the capitol building in St. Paul, a heady concert for a territorial capital.

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